Neuroprotective effect of valsartan versus pramipexole on mouse model of MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease
Authors
-
Asmaa Abdulwahab Ahmed
College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9661-8443
-
Hayder Ridha-Salman
Al-Mustaqbal University, College of Pharmacy
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1594-4883
-
Haitham Mahmood Kadhim
College of Pharmacy, Al-Nahrain University
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8097-2560
-
Elaf S.M Khafaja
College of Medicine, Al-Mustaqbal University
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3807-2286
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18413/rrpharmacology.11.588Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson’s disease is the second most common complex progressive neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease. Tremor, stiffness, and bradykinesia are common symptoms, additionally to postural instability as the condition advances. Valsartan is prescribed to treat hypertension and heart failure, and it mainly acts by antagonizing angiotensin II (Ang II) actions at the AT1 receptor. Aim of the Study: The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of valsartan on experimentally induced Parkinson’s disease in mice
Materials and Methods: This study involved 40 male mice grouped into four groups (n=10). Group 1: The normal/healthy group obtained filtered water orally for 25 days. Group 2 got MPTP(30 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally (IP) for 5 days, starting on day 15 to the close of day 19. Group 3 was given oral pramipexole (1 mg/kg/day) for 25 days, followed by an induction dose of MPTP (30 mg/kg/day) (IP) 60 minutes later. Group 4 received valsartan orally (30 mg/kg/day) for 25 days and then underwent induction with MPTP (30 mg/kg/day) (IP) 60 minutes after valsartan; on day 26, all animals were euthanized, and a biopsy of brain tissues was collected for examination.
Results and Discussion: Valsartan substantially decreased levels of MDA, IL-1β, and α-synuclein compared to those in the induction group. Valsartan also substantially increased dopamine levels while producing a non-significant decrease in caspase-3 levels. Moreover, histopathological examination of valsartan exerted good improvement as opposed to induction.
Conclusion: Valsartan produced neuroprotective effect through multiple mechanisms on MPTPexacerbated PD mouse model.
Graphical Abstract
Keywords:
Parkinson’s disease, MPTP, α-synuclein, AT1Rs, anti-hypertensive drugs, ValsartanReferences
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