Analysis of the neuroprotective activity of myrtle secondary metabolites in an ischemia-reperfusion model in rats: Overall electrical activity and neurological deficit
Authors
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Marina Yu. Ravaeva
V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6081-1628
- Eva S. Yan V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
- Irina A. Roslyakova V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
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Maria V. Nagorskaya
V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0528-2791
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Elena N. Chuyan
V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6240-2732
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Anait V. Zelenskaya
Kuban State Medical University
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9512-2526
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Andrey I. Sidyakin
y, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5125-7514
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Ekaterian Yu. Bakova
Federal State Budgetary Institution “Order of the Red Banner of Labor Nikitsky Botanical Gardens – National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4995-8044
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18413/rrpharmacology.12.1108Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of myrtle secondary metabolites (hydrolate, syrup I, and syrup II) on overall brain electrical activity and the severity of neurological deficits in rats in simulated ischemia-reperfusion.
Materials and Methods: Ischemia-reperfusion was modeled in 60 male Wistar rats using 30-minute occlusion of the left common carotid artery followed by restoration of blood flow. The animals were divided into six groups (n=10): sham-operated (SO); ischemia control (I/C); a comparison group Thiocetam; and experimental groups that received intragastrically administered myrtle hydrolate (Hydrolate), syrup I (Syrup I), and syrup II (Syrup II) at a dose of 2.5 mL/kg daily for 21 days.
Results: Ischemia caused persistent suppression of EEG amplitudes (by 40–61%), spectrum restructuring with a predominance of delta (+47–63%) and theta rhythms (+41–119%) and suppression of alpha rhythm (–54–75%), as well as severe neurological deficit. Hydrolate had a moderate effect in the early period, but by day 21, amplitudes had fallen by 12–14% below the ischemia control (I/C) levels. Syrup I restored amplitudes (+29–82%), spectrum (alpha rhythm +151–345%, delta rhythm –36%), and neurological status by days 7–14. Syrup II restored neurological deficit by day 2 (0.08 points on the Bederson scale versus 1.67 in I/C); by day 7, the neurological deficit was fully restored, with EEG amplitudes increasing by 17–63% and alpha rhythm – by 104–272%.
Discussion: The differences revealed in the neuroprotective activity of the three myrtle secondary metabolite compositions correlate with their chemical profiles. In terms of the intensity of their neuroprotective effect, the myrtle secondary metabolites were ranked in the following order: Hydrolate < Syrup I ≈ Thiocetam < Syrup II.
Conclusion: Myrtle secondary metabolites, particularly Syrup II with its high flavonoid content, exert a complex neuroprotective effect, which manifests in the coordinated restoration of electrophysiological and behavioral parameters.
Graphical Abstract
Keywords:
ischemia-reperfusion, Myrtus communis, secondary metabolites, electroencephalograph, neurological deficit, myricetin, phenolic acids, neuroprotection, ratsReferences
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