Modern approaches to the treatment of androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata
Authors
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Anton A. Bolgov
Belgorod State National Research University
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-8181
-
Olesya V. Shcheblykina
Belgorod State National Research University
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-9835
-
Elizaveta I. Repina
Belgorod State National Research University
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9508-3993
-
Darya A. Kostina
Belgorod State National Research University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4505-3988
-
Nina I. Zhernakova
Belgorod State National Research University
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6101-8712
-
Olga A. Osipova
Belgorod State National Research University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7321-6529
-
Evangelina O. Starostina
Belgorod State National Research University
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4945-8761
-
Alina A. Avramenko
Belgorod State National Research University
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8983-1843
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18413/rrpharmacology.12.1069Abstract
Introduction: Alopecia, whether as an independent pathological condition or as a manifestation of other diseases, is a pressing medical and social issue. Hair loss can lead to serious psychological problems and significantly reduce people’s quality of life.
Materials and Methods: In preparing this article, we reviewed over 120 scientific papers on the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science platforms using the keywords “alopecia”, “androgenetic alopecia”, and “alopecia areata”.
Results and Discussion: The review revealed that a wide variety of pharmacological, instrumental, and invasive treatments for both androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata currently exist, targeting various components of its pathogenesis: minoxidil, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, therapeutic antibodies, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, Janus kinase inhibitors, growth factor therapy, plasma therapy, microneedling, laser therapy, and surgical treatments. Furthermore, numerous scientific studies were identified aimed at developing new and improving existing therapeutic strategies, including gene therapy, stem cell therapy, high-tech nanoparticles, and many others.
Conclusion: The need to halt the progression of alopecia and achieve optimal hair restoration to improve patients’ quality of life dictates the need for effective treatment approaches for various types of alopecia in modern medicine. Given that current therapeutic methods, despite their diversity, do not always achieve the expected effect, further in-depth research into the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and diagnostic criteria of this dermatological disease is required to develop more effective treatment strategies.
Graphical Abstract
Keywords:
androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, treatment strategiesReferences
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